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PLOS Medicine Top 10%

Published November 11, 2020

PLOS Medicine is home to the latest medical research of global societal importance -- available immediately, to every reader. Each year, we celebrate the impact our authors have had in their research fields and share out the body of work that has earned the top 10% of citations. We hope you enjoy exploring this Collection.

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2014
2015
2016
2017

2014

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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001756

PLOS Medicine Computerized Cognitive Training in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effect Modifiers
November 18, 2014 Amit Lampit, Harry Hallock, Michael Valenzuela
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001620

PLOS Medicine Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
March 25, 2014 Eric C. Strunz, David G. Addiss, Meredith E. Stocks, Stephanie Ogden, Jürg Utzinger, Matthew C. Freeman
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001624

PLOS Medicine Early Detection, Curative Treatment, and Survival Rates for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Meta-analysis
April 1, 2014 Amit Singal, Anjana Pillai, Jasmin Tiro
PLoS Medicine Fecal Contamination of Drinking-Water in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
May 6, 2014 Robert Bain, Ryan Cronk, Jim Wright, Hong Yang, Tom Slaymaker, Jamie Bartram

: Robert Bain and colleagues conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether water from “improved” sources is less likely…
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001685

PLOS Medicine Efficacy and Safety of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine during 18 Months after Vaccination: A Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial in Children and Young Infants at 11 African Sites
July 29, 2014 RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership (Group Name), Mary Hamel
PLoS Medicine Association of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
July 22, 2014 Giovanni Musso, Roberto Gambino, James H. Tabibian, Mattias Ekstedt, Stergios Kechagias, Masahide Hamaguchi, Rolf Hultcrantz, Hannes Hagström, Seung Kew Yoon, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Jacob George, Francisco Barrera, Svanhildur Hafliðadóttir, Einar Stefan Björnsson, Matthew J. Armstrong, Laurence J. Hopkins, Xin Gao, Sven Francque, An Verrijken, Yusuf Yilmaz, Keith D. Lindor, Michael Charlton, Robin Haring, Markus M. Lerch, Rainer Rettig, Henry Völzke, Seungho Ryu, Guolin Li, Linda L. Wong, Mariana Machado, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Kohichiroh Yasui, Maurizio Cassader

: In a systematic review and meta-analysis, Giovanni Musso and colleagues examine the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease…
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001709

PLOS Medicine The Effect of India’s Total Sanitation Campaign on Defecation Behaviors and Child Health in Rural Madhya Pradesh: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
August 26, 2014 Sumeet R. Patil, Benjamin F. Arnold, Alicia L. Salvatore, Bertha Briceno, Sandipan Ganguly, John M. Colford Jr, Paul J. Gertler
PLoS Medicine Efficacy of Pneumococcal Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Protein D Conjugate Vaccine (PHiD-CV) in Young Latin American Children: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
June 3, 2014 Miguel W. Tregnaghi, Xavier Sáez-Llorens, Pio López, Hector Abate, Enrique Smith, Adriana Pósleman, Arlene Calvo, Digna Wong, Carlos Cortes-Barbosa, Ana Ceballos, Marcelo Tregnaghi, Alexandra Sierra, Mirna Rodriguez, Marisol Troitiño, Carlos Carabajal, Andrea Falaschi, Ana Leandro, Maria Mercedes Castrejón, Alejandro Lepetic, Patricia Lommel, William P. Hausdorff, Dorota Borys, Javier Ruiz Guiñazú, Eduardo Ortega-Barría, Juan P. Yarzábal, Lode Schuerman, on behalf of the COMPAS Group

In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, Xavier Saez-Llorens and colleagues examine the vaccine efficacy of PHiD-CV against…
PLoS Medicine Biomarker Profiling by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Prediction of All-Cause Mortality: An Observational Study of 17,345 Persons
February 25, 2014 Krista Fischer, Johannes Kettunen, Peter Würtz, Toomas Haller, Aki S. Havulinna, Antti J. Kangas, Pasi Soininen, Tõnu Esko, Mari-Liis Tammesoo, Reedik Mägi, Steven Smit, Aarno Palotie, Samuli Ripatti, Veikko Salomaa, Mika Ala-Korpela, Markus Perola, Andres Metspalu

: In this study, Würtz and colleagues conducted high-throughput profiling of blood specimens in two large population-based cohorts in order…
PLoS Medicine Incident HIV during Pregnancy and Postpartum and Risk of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
February 25, 2014 Alison L. Drake, Anjuli Wagner, Barbra Richardson, Grace John-Stewart

: Alison Drake and colleagues conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate maternal HIV incidence during pregnancy and the…
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001673

PLOS Medicine Association between Class III Obesity (BMI of 40–59 kg/m²) and Mortality: A Pooled Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies
July 8, 2014 Cari Kitahara, Alan Flint, Amy Berrington de Gonzalez, Leslie Bernstein, Michelle Brotzman, Robert MacInnis, Steven Moore, Kim Robien, Philip Rosenberg, Pramil Singh, Elisabete Weiderpass, Hans Adami, Hoda Anton-Culver, Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Julie Buring, Daryl Freedman, Gary Fraser, Laura Beane Freeman, Susan Gapstur, John Gaziano, Graham Giles, Niclas Hakansson, Jane Hoppin, Frank Hu, Karen Koenig, Martha Linet, Yikyung Park, Alpa Patel, Mark Purdue, Catherine Schairer, Howard Sesso, Kala Visvanathan, Emily White, Alicja Wolk, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Patricia Hartge

2015

PLOS Medicine The Mistreatment of Women during Childbirth in Health Facilities Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
June 30, 2015 Meghan A. Bohren, Joshua P. Vogel, Erin C. Hunter, Olha Lutsiv, Suprita K. Makh, João Paulo Souza, Carolina Aguiar, Fernando Saraiva Coneglian, Alex Luíz Araújo Diniz, Özge Tunçalp, Dena Javadi, Olufemi T. Oladapo, Rajat Khosla, Michelle J. Hindin, A. Metin Gülmezoglu

Background: Despite growing recognition of neglectful, abusive, and disrespectful treatment of women during childbirth in health…
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001921

PLOS Medicine World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis
December 3, 2015 Martyn D. Kirk, Sara M. Pires, Robert E. Black, Marisa Caipo, John A. Crump, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Dörte Döpfer, Aamir Fazil, Christa L. Fischer-Walker, Tine Hald, Aron J. Hall, Karen H. Keddy, Robin J. Lake, Claudio F. Lanata, Paul R. Torgerson, Arie H. Havelaar, Frederick J. Angulo
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001920

PLOS Medicine World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 11 Foodborne Parasitic Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis
December 3, 2015 Paul R. Torgerson, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Nicolas Praet, Niko Speybroeck, Arve Lee Willingham, Fumiko Kasuga, Mohammad B. Rokni, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Eric M. Fèvre, Banchob Sripa, Neyla Gargouri, Thomas Fürst, Christine M. Budke, Hélène Carabin, Martyn D. Kirk, Frederick J. Angulo, Arie Havelaar, Nilanthi de Silva
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JuergenPM, Pixabay

PLOS Medicine Association between Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Schools and Cognitive Development in Primary School Children: A Prospective Cohort Study
March 3, 2015 Jordi Sunyer, Mikel Esnaola, Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol, Joan Forns, Ioar Rivas, Mònica López-Vicente, Elisabet Suades-González, Maria Foraster, Raquel Garcia-Esteban, Xavier Basagaña, Mar Viana, Marta Cirach, Teresa Moreno, Andrés Alastuey, Núria Sebastian-Galles, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Xavier Querol
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001866

PLOS Medicine Vitamin D and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
August 25, 2015 Lauren E. Mokry, Stephanie Ross, Omar S. Ahmad, Vincenzo Forgetta, George Davey Smith, Aaron Leong, Celia M. T. Greenwood, George Thanassoulis, J. Brent Richards
PLOS Medicine Effects of Hormone Therapy on Cognition and Mood in Recently Postmenopausal Women: Findings from the Randomized, Controlled KEEPS–Cognitive and Affective Study
June 2, 2015 Carey E. Gleason, N. Maritza Dowling, Whitney Wharton, JoAnn E. Manson, Virginia M. Miller, Craig S. Atwood, Eliot A. Brinton, Marcelle I. Cedars, Rogerio A. Lobo, George R. Merriam, Genevieve Neal-Perry, Nanette F. Santoro, Hugh S. Taylor, Dennis M. Black, Matthew J. Budoff, Howard N. Hodis, Frederick Naftolin, S. Mitchell Harman, Sanjay Asthana

Background: Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) reportedly increases the risk of cognitive decline in women over age 65 y. It is unknown…
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1001789

PLOS Medicine Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: A Phylogenetic Analysis
February 24, 2015 Roland F. Schwarz, Charlotte K. Y. Ng, Susanna L. Cooke, Scott Newman, Jillian Temple, Anna M. Piskorz, Davina Gale, Karen Sayal, Muhammed Murtaza, Peter J. Baldwin, Nitzan Rosenfeld, Helena M. Earl, Evis Sala, Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Christine A. Parkinson, Florian Markowetz, James D. Brenton
PLOS Medicine Geographic and Temporal Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance: An Individual-Patient- and Sequence-Level Meta-Analysis
April 7, 2015 Soo-Yon Rhee, Jose Luis Blanco, Michael R. Jordan, Jonathan Taylor, Philippe Lemey, Vici Varghese, Raph L. Hamers, Silvia Bertagnolio, Tobias F. Rinke de Wit, Avelin F. Aghokeng, Jan Albert, Radko Avi, Santiago Avila-Rios, Pascal O. Bessong, James I. Brooks, Charles A. B. Boucher, Zabrina L. Brumme, Michael P. Busch, Hermann Bussmann, Marie-Laure Chaix, Bum Sik Chin, Toni T. D’Aquin, Cillian F. De Gascun, Anne Derache, Diane Descamps, Alaka K. Deshpande, Cyrille F. Djoko, Susan H. Eshleman, Herve Fleury, Pierre Frange, Seiichiro Fujisaki, P. Richard Harrigan, Junko Hattori, Africa Holguin, Gillian M. Hunt, Hiroshi Ichimura, Pontiano Kaleebu, David Katzenstein, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Jerome H. Kim, Sung Soon Kim, Yanpeng Li, Irja Lutsar, Lynn Morris, Nicaise Ndembi, Kee Peng NG, Ramesh S. Paranjape, Martine Peeters, Mario Poljak, Matt A. Price, Manon L. Ragonnet-Cronin, Gustavo Reyes-Terán, Morgane Rolland, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Davey M. Smith, Marcelo A. Soares, Vincent V. Soriano, Deogratius Ssemwanga, Maja Stanojevic, Mariane A. Stefani, Wataru Sugiura, Somnuek Sungkanuparph, Amilcar Tanuri, Kok Keng Tee, Hong-Ha M. Truong, David A. M. C. van de Vijver, Nicole Vidal, Chunfu Yang, Rongge Yang, Gonzalo Yebra, John P. A. Ioannidis, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Robert W. Shafer

Background: Regional and subtype-specific mutational patterns of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance (TDR) are essential for informing…

2016

PLOS Medicine The Global Burden of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Re-estimation Using Mathematical Modelling
October 25, 2016 Rein M. G. J. Houben, Peter J. Dodd

Background: The existing estimate of the global burden of latent TB infection (LTBI) as “one-third” of the world population is nearly 20 y…
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fdecomite

PLOS Medicine Epidemiology and Reporting Characteristics of Systematic Reviews of Biomedical Research: A Cross-Sectional Study
May 24, 2016 Matthew J. Page, Larissa Shamseer, Douglas G. Altman, Jennifer Tetzlaff, Margaret Sampson, Andrea C. Tricco, Ferrán Catalá-López, Lun Li, Emma K. Reid, Rafael Sarkis-Onofre, David Moher
PLOS Medicine Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for Ebola Virus Disease (the JIKI Trial): A Historically Controlled, Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Trial in Guinea
March 1, 2016 Daouda Sissoko, Cedric Laouenan, Elin Folkesson, Abdoul-Bing M’Lebing, Abdoul-Habib Beavogui, Sylvain Baize, Alseny-Modet Camara, Piet Maes, Susan Shepherd, Christine Danel, Sara Carazo, Mamoudou N. Conde, Jean-Luc Gala, Géraldine Colin, Hélène Savini, Joseph Akoi Bore, Frederic Le Marcis, Fara Raymond Koundouno, Frédéric Petitjean, Marie-Claire Lamah, Sandra Diederich, Alexis Tounkara, Geertrui Poelart, Emmanuel Berbain, Jean-Michel Dindart, Sophie Duraffour, Annabelle Lefevre, Tamba Leno, Olivier Peyrouset, Léonid Irenge, N’Famara Bangoura, Romain Palich, Julia Hinzmann, Annette Kraus, Thierno Sadou Barry, Sakoba Berette, André Bongono, Mohamed Seto Camara, Valérie Chanfreau Munoz, Lanciné Doumbouya, Souley Harouna, Patient Mumbere Kighoma, Fara Roger Koundouno, Réné Lolamou, Cécé Moriba Loua, Vincent Massala, Kinda Moumouni, Célia Provost, Nenefing Samake, Conde Sekou, Abdoulaye Soumah, Isabelle Arnould, Michel Saa Komano, Lina Gustin, Carlotta Berutto, Diarra Camara, Fodé Saydou Camara, Joliene Colpaert, Léontine Delamou, Lena Jansson, Etienne Kourouma, Maurice Loua, Kristian Malme, Emma Manfrin, André Maomou, Adele Milinouno, Sien Ombelet, Aboubacar Youla Sidiboun, Isabelle Verreckt, Pauline Yombouno, Anne Bocquin, Caroline Carbonnelle, Thierry Carmoi, Pierre Frange, Stéphane Mely, Vinh-Kim Nguyen, Delphine Pannetier, Anne-Marie Taburet, Jean-Marc Treluyer, Jacques Kolie, Raoul Moh, Minerva Cervantes Gonzalez, Eeva Kuisma, Britta Liedigk, Didier Ngabo, Martin Rudolf, Ruth Thom, Romy Kerber, Martin Gabriel, Antonino Di Caro, Roman Wölfel, Jamal Badir, Mostafa Bentahir, Yann Deccache, Catherine Dumont, Jean-François Durant, Karim El Bakkouri, Marie Gasasira Uwamahoro, Benjamin Smits, Nora Toufik, Stéphane Van Cauwenberghe, Khaled Ezzedine, Eric Dortenzio, Louis Pizarro, Aurélie Etienne, Jérémie Guedj, Alexandra Fizet, Eric Barte de Sainte Fare, Bernadette Murgue, Tuan Tran-Minh, Christophe Rapp, Pascal Piguet, Marc Poncin, Bertrand Draguez, Thierry Allaford Duverger, Solenne Barbe, Guillaume Baret, Isabelle Defourny, Miles Carroll, Hervé Raoul, Augustin Augier, Serge P. Eholie, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Claire Levy-Marchal, Annick Antierrens, Michel Van Herp, Stephan Günther, Xavier de Lamballerie, Sakoba Keïta, France Mentre, Xavier Anglaret, Denis Malvy, JIKI Study Group

Background: Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly lethal condition for which no specific treatment has proven efficacy. In September 2014,…
PLOS Medicine Global Role and Burden of Influenza in Pediatric Respiratory Hospitalizations, 1982–2012: A Systematic Analysis
March 24, 2016 Kathryn E. Lafond, Harish Nair, Mohammad Hafiz Rasooly, Fátima Valente, Robert Booy, Mahmudur Rahman, Paul Kitsutani, Hongjie Yu, Guiselle Guzman, Daouda Coulibaly, Julio Armero, Daddi Jima, Stephen R. C. Howie, William Ampofo, Ricardo Mena, Mandeep Chadha, Ondri Dwi Sampurno, Gideon O. Emukule, Zuridin Nurmatov, Andrew Corwin, Jean Michel Heraud, Daniel E. Noyola, Radu Cojocaru, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Amal Barakat, Adebayo Adedeji, Marta von Horoch, Remigio Olveda, Thierry Nyatanyi, Marietjie Venter, Vida Mmbaga, Malinee Chittaganpitch, Tran Hien Nguyen, Andros Theo, Melissa Whaley, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, Joseph Bresee, Harry Campbell, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Global Respiratory Hospitalizations—Influenza Proportion Positive (GRIPP) Working Group

Background: The global burden of pediatric severe respiratory illness is substantial, and influenza viruses contribute to this burden.…
PLOS Medicine Prices, Costs, and Affordability of New Medicines for Hepatitis C in 30 Countries: An Economic Analysis
May 31, 2016 Swathi Iyengar, Kiu Tay-Teo, Sabine Vogler, Peter Beyer, Stefan Wiktor, Kees de Joncheere, Suzanne Hill

Introduction: New hepatitis C virus (HCV) medicines have markedly improved treatment efficacy and regimen tolerability. However, their high…
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10.1371/journal.pmed.1002150

PLOS Medicine Burden of Six Healthcare-Associated Infections on European Population Health: Estimating Incidence-Based Disability-Adjusted Life Years through a Population Prevalence-Based Modelling Study
October 18, 2016 Alessandro Cassini, Diamantis Plachouras, Tim Eckmanns, Muna Abu Sin, Hans-Peter Blank, Tanja Ducomble, Sebastian Haller, Thomas Harder, Anja Klingeberg, Madlen Sixtensson, Edward Velasco, Bettina Weiß, Piotr Kramarz, Dominique L. Monnet, Mirjam E. Kretzschmar, Carl Suetens
PLOS Medicine Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV at a Patient’s First Clinic Visit: The RapIT Randomized Controlled Trial
May 10, 2016 Sydney Rosen, Mhairi Maskew, Matthew P. Fox, Cynthia Nyoni, Constance Mongwenyana, Given Malete, Ian Sanne, Dorah Bokaba, Celeste Sauls, Julia Rohr, Lawrence Long

Background: High rates of patient attrition from care between HIV testing and antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation have been documented…
PLOS Medicine Genetic Predisposition to an Impaired Metabolism of the Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis
November 29, 2016 Luca A. Lotta, Robert A. Scott, Stephen J. Sharp, Stephen Burgess, Jian’an Luan, Therese Tillin, Amand F. Schmidt, Fumiaki Imamura, Isobel D. Stewart, John R. B. Perry, Luke Marney, Albert Koulman, Edward D. Karoly, Nita G. Forouhi, Rasmus J. O. Sjögren, Erik Näslund, Juleen R. Zierath, Anna Krook, David B. Savage, Julian L. Griffin, Nishi Chaturvedi, Aroon D. Hingorani, Kay-Tee Khaw, Inês Barroso, Mark I. McCarthy, Stephen O’Rahilly, Nicholas J. Wareham, Claudia Langenberg

Background: Higher circulating levels of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; i.e., isoleucine, leucine, and valine) are strongly…
PLOS Medicine Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in US Men and Women: Results from Three Prospective Cohort Studies
June 14, 2016 Ambika Satija, Shilpa N. Bhupathiraju, Eric B. Rimm, Donna Spiegelman, Stephanie E. Chiuve, Lea Borgi, Walter C. Willett, JoAnn E. Manson, Qi Sun, Frank B. Hu

Background: Plant-based diets have been recommended to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, not all plant foods are…
PLOS Medicine Patient-Reported Barriers to Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
November 29, 2016 Zara Shubber, Edward J. Mills, Jean B. Nachega, Rachel Vreeman, Marcelo Freitas, Peter Bock, Sabin Nsanzimana, Martina Penazzato, Tsitsi Appolo, Meg Doherty, Nathan Ford

Background: Maintaining high levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a challenge across settings and populations.…
PLOS Medicine Early Childhood Developmental Status in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: National, Regional, and Global Prevalence Estimates Using Predictive Modeling
June 7, 2016 Dana Charles McCoy, Evan D. Peet, Majid Ezzati, Goodarz Danaei, Maureen M. Black, Christopher R. Sudfeld, Wafaie Fawzi, Günther Fink

Background: The development of cognitive and socioemotional skills early in life influences later health and well-being. Existing estimates…
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liz west, Flickr

PLOS Medicine Effects of Saturated Fat, Polyunsaturated Fat, Monounsaturated Fat, and Carbohydrate on Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Feeding Trials
July 19, 2016 Fumiaki Imamura, Renata Micha, Jason Wu, Marcia de Oliveira Otto, Fadar Otite, Ajibola Abioye, Dariush Mozaffarian
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Wikimedia

PLOS Medicine Mutational Profile of Metastatic Breast Cancers: A Retrospective Analysis
December 27, 2016 Celine Lefebvre, Thomas Bachelot, Thomas Filleron, Marion Pedrero, Mario Campone, Jean-Charles Soria, Christophe Massard, Christelle Lévy, Monica Arnedos, Magali Lacroix-Triki, Julie Garrabey, Yannick Boursin, Marc Deloger, Yu Fu, Frédéric Commo, Véronique Scott, Ludovic Lacroix, Maria Vittoria Dieci, Maud Kamal, Véronique Diéras, Anthony Gonçalves, Jean-Marc Ferrerro, Gilles Romieu, Laurence Vanlemmens, Marie-Ange Mouret Reynier, Jean-Christophe Théry, Fanny Le Du, Séverine Guiu, Florence Dalenc, Gilles Clapisson, Hervé Bonnefoi, Marta Jimenez, Christophe Le Tourneau, Fabrice André
PLOS Medicine Integrated Delivery of Antiretroviral Treatment and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis to HIV-1–Serodiscordant Couples: A Prospective Implementation Study in Kenya and Uganda
August 23, 2016 Jared M. Baeten, Renee Heffron, Lara Kidoguchi, Nelly R. Mugo, Elly Katabira, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Stephen Asiimwe, Jessica E. Haberer, Jennifer Morton, Kenneth Ngure, Nulu Bulya, Josephine Odoyo, Edna Tindimwebwa, Craig Hendrix, Mark A. Marzinke, Norma C. Ware, Monique A. Wyatt, Susan Morrison, Harald Haugen, Andrew Mujugira, Deborah Donnell, Connie Celum, Partners Demonstration Project Team

Background: Antiretroviral-based interventions for HIV-1 prevention, including antiretroviral therapy (ART) to reduce the infectiousness of…

2017

PLOS Medicine Zika Virus Infection as a Cause of Congenital Brain Abnormalities and Guillain–Barré Syndrome: Systematic Review
January 3, 2017 Fabienne Krauer, Maurane Riesen, Ludovic Reveiz, Olufemi T. Oladapo, Ruth Martínez-Vega, Teegwendé V. Porgo, Anina Haefliger, Nathalie J. Broutet, Nicola Low, WHO Zika Causality Working Group

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) stated in March 2016 that there was scientific consensus that the mosquito-borne Zika virus…
PLOS Medicine Changes in prices, sales, consumer spending, and beverage consumption one year after a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Berkeley, California, US: A before-and-after study
April 18, 2017 Lynn D. Silver, Shu Wen Ng, Suzanne Ryan-Ibarra, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Marta Induni, Donna R. Miles, Jennifer M. Poti, Barry M. Popkin

Background: Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) meant to improve health and raise revenue are being adopted, yet evaluation is…
PLOS Medicine The World Health Organization Fetal Growth Charts: A Multinational Longitudinal Study of Ultrasound Biometric Measurements and Estimated Fetal Weight
January 24, 2017 Torvid Kiserud, Gilda Piaggio, Guillermo Carroli, Mariana Widmer, José Carvalho, Lisa Neerup Jensen, Daniel Giordano, José Guilherme Cecatti, Hany Abdel Aleem, Sameera A. Talegawkar, Alexandra Benachi, Anke Diemert, Antoinette Tshefu Kitoto, Jadsada Thinkhamrop, Pisake Lumbiganon, Ann Tabor, Alka Kriplani, Rogelio Gonzalez Perez, Kurt Hecher, Mark A. Hanson, A. Metin Gülmezoglu, Lawrence D. Platt

Background: Perinatal mortality and morbidity continue to be major global health challenges strongly associated with prematurity and…
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geralt, Pixabay

PLOS Medicine Genetic assessment of age-associated Alzheimer disease risk: Development and validation of a polygenic hazard score
March 21, 2017 Rahul Desikan, Chun Fan, Yunpeng Wang, Andrew Schork, Howard Cabral, L. Cupples, Wesley Thompson, Lilah Besser, Walter Kukull, Dominic Holland, Chi-Hua Chen, James Brewer, David Karow, karolina kauppi, aree witeolar, celeste karch, Luke Bonham, Jennifer Yokoyama, Howard Rosen, Bruce Miller, William Dillon, David Wilson, Christopher Hess, Margaret Pericak-Vance, Jonathan Haines, Lindsay Farrer, Richard Mayeux, John Hardy, Alison Goate, Bradley hyman, gerard Schellenberg, Linda McEvoy, Ole Andreassen, Anders Dale
PLOS Medicine Gabapentin, opioids, and the risk of opioid-related death: A population-based nested case–control study
October 3, 2017 Tara Gomes, David N. Juurlink, Tony Antoniou, Muhammad M. Mamdani, J. Michael Paterson, Wim van den Brink

Background: Prescription opioid use is highly associated with risk of opioid-related death, with 1 of every 550 chronic opioid users dying…
PLOS Medicine Association of Body Mass Index with DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in Blood Cells and Relations to Cardiometabolic Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Approach
January 17, 2017 Michael M. Mendelson, Riccardo E. Marioni, Roby Joehanes, Chunyu Liu, Åsa K. Hedman, Stella Aslibekyan, Ellen W. Demerath, Weihua Guan, Degui Zhi, Chen Yao, Tianxiao Huan, Christine Willinger, Brian Chen, Paul Courchesne, Michael Multhaup, Marguerite R. Irvin, Ariella Cohain, Eric E. Schadt, Megan L. Grove, Jan Bressler, Kari North, Johan Sundström, Stefan Gustafsson, Sonia Shah, Allan F. McRae, Sarah E. Harris, Jude Gibson, Paul Redmond, Janie Corley, Lee Murphy, John M. Starr, Erica Kleinbrink, Leonard Lipovich, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Ronald M. Krauss, Daniele Fallin, Andrew Feinberg, Devin M. Absher, Myriam Fornage, James S. Pankow, Lars Lind, Caroline Fox, Erik Ingelsson, Donna K. Arnett, Eric Boerwinkle, Liming Liang, Daniel Levy, Ian J. Deary

Background: The link between DNA methylation, obesity, and adiposity-related diseases in the general population remains uncertain. Methods…
PLOS Medicine Impact of common genetic determinants of Hemoglobin A1c on type 2 diabetes risk and diagnosis in ancestrally diverse populations: A transethnic genome-wide meta-analysis
September 12, 2017 Eleanor Wheeler, Aaron Leong, Ching-Ti Liu, Marie-France Hivert, Rona J. Strawbridge, Clara Podmore, Man Li, Jie Yao, Xueling Sim, Jaeyoung Hong, Audrey Y. Chu, Weihua Zhang, Xu Wang, Peng Chen, Nisa M. Maruthur, Bianca C. Porneala, Stephen J. Sharp, Yucheng Jia, Edmond K. Kabagambe, Li-Ching Chang, Wei-Min Chen, Cathy E. Elks, Daniel S. Evans, Qiao Fan, Franco Giulianini, Min Jin Go, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Yao Hu, Anne U. Jackson, Stavroula Kanoni, Young Jin Kim, Marcus E. Kleber, Claes Ladenvall, Cecile Lecoeur, Sing-Hui Lim, Yingchang Lu, Anubha Mahajan, Carola Marzi, Mike A. Nalls, Pau Navarro, Ilja M. Nolte, Lynda M. Rose, Denis V. Rybin, Serena Sanna, Yuan Shi, Daniel O. Stram, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Shu Pei Tan, Peter J. van der Most, Jana V. Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Andrew Wong, Loic Yengo, Wanting Zhao, Anuj Goel, Maria Teresa Martinez Larrad, Dörte Radke, Perttu Salo, Toshiko Tanaka, Erik P. A. van Iperen, Goncalo Abecasis, Saima Afaq, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Alain G. Bertoni, Amelie Bonnefond, Yvonne Böttcher, Erwin P. Bottinger, Harry Campbell, Olga D. Carlson, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Yoon Shin Cho, W. Timothy Garvey, Christian Gieger, Mark O. Goodarzi, Harald Grallert, Anders Hamsten, Catharina A. Hartman, Christian Herder, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Jie Huang, Michiya Igase, Masato Isono, Tomohiro Katsuya, Chiea-Chuen Khor, Wieland Kiess, Katsuhiko Kohara, Peter Kovacs, Juyoung Lee, Wen-Jane Lee, Benjamin Lehne, Huaixing Li, Jianjun Liu, Stephane Lobbens, Jian'an Luan, Valeriya Lyssenko, Thomas Meitinger, Tetsuro Miki, Iva Miljkovic, Sanghoon Moon, Antonella Mulas, Gabriele Müller, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Ramaiah Nagaraja, Matthias Nauck, James S. Pankow, Ozren Polasek, Inga Prokopenko, Paula S. Ramos, Laura Rasmussen-Torvik, Wolfgang Rathmann, Stephen S. Rich, Neil R. Robertson, Michael Roden, Ronan Roussel, Igor Rudan, Robert A. Scott, William R. Scott, Bengt Sennblad, David S. Siscovick, Konstantin Strauch, Liang Sun, Morris Swertz, Salman M. Tajuddin, Kent D. Taylor, Yik-Ying Teo, Yih Chung Tham, Anke Tönjes, Nicholas J. Wareham, Gonneke Willemsen, Tom Wilsgaard, Aroon D. Hingorani, EPIC-CVD Consortium , EPIC-InterAct Consortium , Lifelines Cohort Study , Josephine Egan, Luigi Ferrucci, G. Kees Hovingh, Antti Jula, Mika Kivimaki, Meena Kumari, Inger Njølstad, Colin N. A. Palmer, Manuel Serrano Ríos, Michael Stumvoll, Hugh Watkins, Tin Aung, Matthias Blüher, Michael Boehnke, Dorret I. Boomsma, Stefan R. Bornstein, John C. Chambers, Daniel I. Chasman, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Yduan-Tsong Chen, Ching-Yu Cheng, Francesco Cucca, Eco J. C. de Geus, Panos Deloukas, Michele K. Evans, Myriam Fornage, Yechiel Friedlander, Philippe Froguel, Leif Groop, Myron D. Gross, Tamara B. Harris, Caroline Hayward, Chew-Kiat Heng, Erik Ingelsson, Norihiro Kato, Bong-Jo Kim, Woon-Puay Koh, Jaspal S. Kooner, Antje Körner, Diana Kuh, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Xu Lin, Yongmei Liu, Ruth J. F. Loos, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Winfried März, Mark I. McCarthy, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Ken K. Ong, Nancy L. Pedersen, Mark A. Pereira, Annette Peters, Paul M. Ridker, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Michele Sale, Danish Saleheen, Juha Saltevo, Peter EH. Schwarz, Wayne H. H. Sheu, Harold Snieder, Timothy D. Spector, Yasuharu Tabara, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Rob M. van Dam, James G. Wilson, James F. Wilson, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Tien Yin Wong, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Jian-Min Yuan, Alan B. Zonderman, Nicole Soranzo, Xiuqing Guo, David J. Roberts, Jose C. Florez, Robert Sladek, Josée Dupuis, Andrew P. Morris, E-Shyong Tai, Elizabeth Selvin, Jerome I. Rotter, Claudia Langenberg, Inês Barroso, James B. Meigs

Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is used to diagnose type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assess glycemic control in patients with diabetes.…
PLOS Medicine Self-monitoring of blood pressure in hypertension: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
September 19, 2017 Katherine L. Tucker, James P. Sheppard, Richard Stevens, Hayden B. Bosworth, Alfred Bove, Emma P. Bray, Kenneth Earle, Johnson George, Marshall Godwin, Beverly B. Green, Paul Hebert, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Ilkka Kantola, Sally M. Kerry, Alfonso Leiva, David J. Magid, Jonathan Mant, Karen L. Margolis, Brian McKinstry, Mary Ann McLaughlin, Stefano Omboni, Olugbenga Ogedegbe, Gianfranco Parati, Nashat Qamar, Bahman P. Tabaei, Juha Varis, Willem J. Verberk, Bonnie J. Wakefield, Richard J. McManus

Background: Self-monitoring of blood pressure (BP) appears to reduce BP in hypertension but important questions remain regarding effective…
PLOS Medicine HIV-1 persistence following extremely early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV-1 infection: An observational study
November 7, 2017 Timothy J. Henrich, Hiroyu Hatano, Oliver Bacon, Louise E. Hogan, Rachel Rutishauser, Alison Hill, Mary F. Kearney, Elizabeth M. Anderson, Susan P. Buchbinder, Stephanie E. Cohen, Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen, Christopher W. Pohlmeyer, Remi Fromentin, Rebecca Hoh, Albert Y. Liu, Joseph M. McCune, Jonathan Spindler, Kelly Metcalf-Pate, Kristen S. Hobbs, Cassandra Thanh, Erica A. Gibson, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, Robert F. Siliciano, Richard W. Price, Douglas D. Richman, Nicolas Chomont, Janet D. Siliciano, John W. Mellors, Steven A. Yukl, Joel N. Blankson, Teri Liegler, Steven G. Deeks

Background: It is unknown if extremely early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may lead to long-term ART-free HIV remission or…
Image credit
NIH, Wikipedia

PLOS Medicine APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 mutations in early-onset Alzheimer disease: A genetic screening study of familial and sporadic cases
March 28, 2017 Hélène-Marie Lanoiselée, Gaël Nicolas, David Wallon, Anne Rovelet-Lecrux, Morgane Lacour, Stéphane Rousseau, Anne-Claire Richard, Muriel Quillard-Muraine, Florence Pasquier, Adeline Rollin-Sillaire, Olivier Martinaud, Vincent de la Sayette, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonniere, Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx, Valérie Chauviré, Marie Sarazin, Isabelle le Ber, Stéphane Epelbaum, Thérèse Jonveaux, Olivier Rouaud, Mathieu Ceccaldi, Olivier Félician, Olivier Godefroy, Maite Formaglio, Bernard Croisile, Sophie Auriacombe, Ludivine Chamard, Jean-Louis Vincent, Mathilde Sauvée, Cecilia Marelli-Tosi, Audrey Gabelle, Canan Ozsancak, Jérémie Pariente, Claire Paquet, Didier Hannequin, Dominique Campion
PLOS Medicine Same-day HIV testing with initiation of antiretroviral therapy versus standard care for persons living with HIV: A randomized unblinded trial
July 25, 2017 Serena P. Koenig, Nancy Dorvil, Jessy G. Dévieux, Bethany L. Hedt-Gauthier, Cynthia Riviere, Mikerlyne Faustin, Kerlyne Lavoile, Christian Perodin, Alexandra Apollon, Limathe Duverger, Margaret L. McNairy, Kelly A. Hennessey, Ariadne Souroutzidis, Pierre-Yves Cremieux, Patrice Severe, Jean W. Pape

Background: Attrition during the period from HIV testing to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is high worldwide. We assessed whether…
PLOS Medicine Contribution of systemic and somatic factors to clinical response and resistance to PD-L1 blockade in urothelial cancer: An exploratory multi-omic analysis
May 26, 2017 Alexandra Snyder, Tavi Nathanson, Samuel A. Funt, Arun Ahuja, Jacqueline Buros Novik, Matthew D. Hellmann, Eliza Chang, Bulent Arman Aksoy, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, Erik Yusko, Marissa Vignali, Sharon Benzeno, Mariel Boyd, Meredith Moran, Gopa Iyer, Harlan S. Robins, Elaine R. Mardis, Taha Merghoub, Jeff Hammerbacher, Jonathan E. Rosenberg, Dean F. Bajorin

Background: Inhibition of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) with atezolizumab can induce durable clinical benefit (DCB) in patients with…
Image credit
hey__paul, Flickr

PLOS Medicine Association between fatty acid metabolism in the brain and Alzheimer disease neuropathology and cognitive performance: A nontargeted metabolomic study
March 21, 2017 Stuart Snowden, Amera Ebshiana, Abdul Hye, Yang An, Olga Pletnikova, Richard O'Brien, John Troncoso, Madhav Thambisetty, Cristina Legido-Quigley
Image credit
10.1371/journal.pmed.1002277

PLOS Medicine Risk prediction models for selection of lung cancer screening candidates: A retrospective validation study
April 4, 2017 Kevin ten Haaf, Jihyoun Jeon, Martin C. Tammemägi, Summer S. Han, Chung Yin Kong, Sylvia K. Plevritis, Eric J. Feuer, Harry J. de Koning, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Rafael Meza
Image credit
10.1371/journal.pmed.1002224

PLOS Medicine Haemolysis in G6PD Heterozygous Females Treated with Primaquine for Plasmodium vivax Malaria: A Nested Cohort in a Trial of Radical Curative Regimens
February 7, 2017 Cindy S. Chu, Germana Bancone, Kerryn A. Moore, Htun Htun Win, Niramon Thitipanawan, Christina Po, Nongnud Chowwiwat, Rattanaporn Raksapraidee, Pornpimon Wilairisak, Aung Pyae Phyo, Lily Keereecharoen, Stéphane Proux, Prakaykaew Charunwatthana, François Nosten, Nicholas J. White
PLOS Medicine A universal testing and treatment intervention to improve HIV control: One-year results from intervention communities in Zambia in the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster-randomised trial
May 2, 2017 Richard Hayes, Sian Floyd, Ab Schaap, Kwame Shanaube, Peter Bock, Kalpana Sabapathy, Sam Griffith, Deborah Donnell, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Wafaa El-Sadr, Nulda Beyers, Helen Ayles, Sarah Fidler, for the HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Team

Background: The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90-90-90 targets require that, by 2020, 90% of those living with HIV…
PLOS Medicine Graft-derived cell-free DNA, a noninvasive early rejection and graft damage marker in liver transplantation: A prospective, observational, multicenter cohort study
April 25, 2017 Ekkehard Schütz, Anna Fischer, Julia Beck, Markus Harden, Martina Koch, Tilo Wuensch, Martin Stockmann, Björn Nashan, Otto Kollmar, Johannes Matthaei, Philipp Kanzow, Philip D. Walson, Jürgen Brockmöller, Michael Oellerich

Background: Graft-derived cell-free DNA (GcfDNA), which is released into the blood stream by necrotic and apoptotic cells, is a promising…
Image credit
10.1371/journal.pmed.1002909.g004

PLOS Medicine Housing Improvements and Malaria Risk in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multi-Country Analysis of Survey Data
February 21, 2017 Lucy S. Tusting, Christian Bottomley, Harry Gibson, Immo Kleinschmidt, Andrew J. Tatem, Steve W. Lindsay, Peter W. Gething

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